不粘锅用久了，总会被问两个问题：涂层划伤了还安全吗？加热时冒烟正常吗？这两个问题一个有关安全判断，一个有关火力习惯。这篇把它们讲清楚，并给出「什么时候该换锅」的判断清单。
Two frequent questions about non-stick pans: is it still safe after the coating gets scratched, and why does it smoke when heated? One is about safety, the other about heat control. This guide also includes a simple checklist for when to replace the pan.
一、不粘锅出现划痕还能继续用吗
轻微划痕通常不构成健康问题，但锅的不粘性能会下降，食物更容易粘底。如果划痕很深、涂层已经缺失，建议更换新锅。
判断标准（对号入座）
- 只是表面浅划痕、涂层整体完整 → 可以继续用，注意改用硅胶或木质厨具；
- 划痕深、能看到底层金属，或涂层起皮、脱落 → 建议更换；
- 锅体变形、锅底不平、手柄松动 → 建议更换。
二、不粘锅加热时为什么会冒烟
多半是火力过高。不粘锅只为低到中火设计：空锅过热或长时间大火加热，会让涂层释放烟气并迅速老化。
三、什么时候该换锅：一张对照清单
| 情况 | 还能用吗 | 说明 |
|---|---|---|
| 表面浅划痕，涂层完整 | 可以 | 改用硅胶 / 木质厨具，避免继续加深划痕 |
| 深划痕，露出底层金属 | 建议更换 | 不粘效果明显下降，容易粘底 |
| 涂层起皮、成片脱落 | 建议更换 | 不粘性能已失效 |
| 锅体变形、锅底不平 | 建议更换 | 受热不均，烹饪效果差 |
| 手柄松动 | 建议更换或维修 | 存在烫伤、脱落风险 |
English Summary
Minor scratches are usually not a health concern, but the pan will no longer perform well — food will stick more easily. For deep scratches where the coating is missing, or when the coating peels, it is better to replace the pan. Smoking almost always means the heat is too high: non-stick pans are designed for low to medium heat only. If smoke appears, remove the pan from the heat immediately and let it cool.